ADOPTED LEVELS, GAMMAS for 222Th
Authors: Balraj Singh, M.S. Basunia, Jun Chen Et Al., | Citation: Nucl. Data Sheets 192, 315 (2023) | Cutoff date: 25-Sep-2023
Full ENSDF file | Adopted Levels (PDF version)
Q(β-)=-4860 keV 90 | S(n)= 7808 keV 13 | S(p)= 4620 keV 60 | Q(α)= 8132.6 keV 29 | ||
Reference: 2021WA16 |
References: | |||
A | 226U α decay (268 MS) | B | 208Pb(18O,4nγ) |
E(level) (keV) | XREF | Jπ(level) | T1/2(level) | E(γ) (keV) | I(γ) | M(γ) | Final Levels | |
0.0 | AB | 0+ | 1.964 ms 2 % α = 100 | |||||
182.9 2 | AB | 2+ | 240 ps 20 | 182.9 2 | 100 | E2 | 0.0 | 0+ |
246 20 | A | (1-) | ||||||
439.2 3 | B | 4+ | 46 ps 6 | 256.3 2 | 100 | E2 | 182.9 | 2+ |
466.6 6 | B | (3-) | 283.7 | 100 | [E1] | 182.9 | 2+ | |
650.4 4 | B | 5- | 211.1 3 | 100 | E1 | 439.2 | 4+ | |
749.3 4 | B | 6+ | < 51 ps | 98.7 3 310.2 3 | 80 7 100 10 | (E1) E2 | 650.4 439.2 | 5- 4+ |
922.6 4 | B | 7- | 173.1 3 272.4 3 | 100 10 1.4 4 | E1 (E2) | 749.3 650.4 | 6+ 5- | |
1092.8 5 | B | 8+ | 170.1 3 343.6 3 | 100 10 18 6 | E1 E2 | 922.6 749.3 | 7- 6+ | |
1254.2 5 | B | 9- | 161.2 3 331.6 3 | 100 11 23 7 | E1 E2 | 1092.8 922.6 | 8+ 7- | |
1460.8 5 | B | 10+ | 206.4 3 368.1 3 | 100 10 15 5 | E1 E2 | 1254.2 1092.8 | 9- 8+ | |
1622.0 5 | B | 11- | 161.1 3 367.8 3 | 100 20 54 17 | E1 E2 | 1460.8 1254.2 | 10+ 9- | |
1850.6 5 | B | 12+ | 228.5 3 389.8 3 | 100 20 13 4 | E1 (E2) | 1622.0 1460.8 | 11- 10+ | |
2015.1 6 | B | 13- | 164.4 3 393.2 3 | 100 21 45 15 | (E1) (E2) | 1850.6 1622.0 | 12+ 11- | |
2259.7 6 | B | 14+ | 244.6 3 409.2 3 | 100 19 10 4 | E1 (E2) | 2015.1 1850.6 | 13- 12+ | |
2431.7 6 | B | 15- | 171.7 3 416.6 3 | 100 21 47 16 | [E1] (E2) | 2259.7 2015.1 | 14+ 13- | |
2688.0 6 | B | 16+ | 256.2 3 428.5 3 | 100 28 26 8 | [E1] (E2) | 2431.7 2259.7 | 15- 14+ | |
2873.1 6 | B | 17- | 185.1 3 441.3 3 | 100 21 35 11 | (E1) (E2) | 2688.0 2431.7 | 16+ 15- | |
E(level) (keV) | XREF | Jπ(level) | T1/2(level) | E(γ) (keV) | I(γ) | M(γ) | Final Levels | |
3133.9 6 | B | 18+ | 260.6 3 446.0 3 | 100 21 40 12 | (E1) [E2] | 2873.1 2688.0 | 17- 16+ | |
3340.9 7 | B | 19- | 206.9 3 468.0 3 | 100 19 41 12 | [E1] (E2) | 3133.9 2873.1 | 18+ 17- | |
3596.8 7 | B | 20+ | 256.0 3 462.8 3 | 100 28 37 11 | [E1] (E2) | 3340.9 3133.9 | 19- 18+ | |
3836.0 7 | B | 21- | 239.2 3 494.9 3 | 100 30 29 9 | [E1] (E2) | 3596.8 3340.9 | 20+ 19- | |
4078.6 7 | B | 22+ | 242.3 3 482.0 3 | 100 29 21 7 | [E1] (E2) | 3836.0 3596.8 | 21- 20+ | |
4348.5 7 | B | 23- | 269.8 3 512.6 3 | 100 29 60 19 | [E1] [E2] | 4078.6 3836.0 | 22+ 21- | |
4579.2 7 | B | 24+ | 230.7 3 500.7 3 | 100 30 34 11 | [E1] (E2) | 4348.5 4078.6 | 23- 22+ | |
4882.1 8 ? | B | (25-) | 304? 533.3 | 100 | [E2] | 4579.2 4348.5 | 24+ 23- | |
5099.2 9 ? | B | (26+) | 217? 520.0 | 100 | [E2] | 4882.1 4579.2 | (25-) 24+ |
E(level): From 208Pb(18O,4nγ), based on least-squares fit to Eγ data. Exceptions are noted.
Jπ(level): From transition multipolarities measured in 208Pb(18O,4nγ) from conversion electron measurements and γ(θ) for selected γ rays, and g.s. yrast band, and octupole rotational band, as assigned in 1995Sm06 and 1988ScZF.
T1/2(level): For excited states, values are from measurement in 208Pb(18O,4nγ) (1985Bo32) using recoil-shadow method for conversion electrons.
M(γ): From ce and γ(θ) data in 208Pb(18O,4nγ).
E(level) (keV) | Jπ(level) | T1/2(level) | E(γ) | I(γ) | M(γ) | Final Levels | |
Band 1 - Kπ=0+ g.s. band. | |||||||
0.0 | 0+ | 1.964 ms 2 % α = 100 | |||||
182.9 2 | 2+ | 240 ps 20 | 182.9 2 | 100 | E2 | 0.0 | 0+ |
439.2 3 | 4+ | 46 ps 6 | |||||
749.3 4 | 6+ | < 51 ps | 98.7 3 310.2 3 | 80 7 100 10 | (E1) E2 | 650.4 439.2 | 5- 4+ |
1092.8 5 | 8+ | 170.1 3 343.6 3 | 100 10 18 6 | E1 E2 | 922.6 749.3 | 7- 6+ | |
1460.8 5 | 10+ | 206.4 3 368.1 3 | 100 10 15 5 | E1 E2 | 1254.2 1092.8 | 9- 8+ | |
1850.6 5 | 12+ | 228.5 3 389.8 3 | 100 20 13 4 | E1 (E2) | 1622.0 1460.8 | 11- 10+ | |
2259.7 6 | 14+ | 244.6 3 409.2 3 | 100 19 10 4 | E1 (E2) | 2015.1 1850.6 | 13- 12+ | |
2688.0 6 | 16+ | 256.2 3 428.5 3 | 100 28 26 8 | [E1] (E2) | 2431.7 2259.7 | 15- 14+ | |
3133.9 6 | 18+ | 260.6 3 446.0 3 | 100 21 40 12 | (E1) [E2] | 2873.1 2688.0 | 17- 16+ | |
3596.8 7 | 20+ | 256.0 3 462.8 3 | 100 28 37 11 | [E1] (E2) | 3340.9 3133.9 | 19- 18+ | |
4078.6 7 | 22+ | 242.3 3 482.0 3 | 100 29 21 7 | [E1] (E2) | 3836.0 3596.8 | 21- 20+ | |
4579.2 7 | 24+ | 230.7 3 500.7 3 | 100 30 34 11 | [E1] (E2) | 4348.5 4078.6 | 23- 22+ | |
5099.2 9 | (26+) | 217? 520.0 | 100 | [E2] | 4882.1 4579.2 | (25-) 24+ | |
E(level) (keV) | Jπ(level) | T1/2(level) | E(γ) | I(γ) | M(γ) | Final Levels | |
Band 2 - Kπ=0- octupole-vibrational band. | |||||||
246 20 | (1-) | ||||||
466.6 6 | (3-) | 283.7 | 100 | [E1] | 182.9 | 2+ | |
650.4 4 | 5- | ||||||
922.6 4 | 7- | 173.1 3 272.4 3 | 100 10 1.4 4 | E1 (E2) | 749.3 650.4 | 6+ 5- | |
1254.2 5 | 9- | 161.2 3 331.6 3 | 100 11 23 7 | E1 E2 | 1092.8 922.6 | 8+ 7- | |
1622.0 5 | 11- | 161.1 3 367.8 3 | 100 20 54 17 | E1 E2 | 1460.8 1254.2 | 10+ 9- | |
2015.1 6 | 13- | 164.4 3 393.2 3 | 100 21 45 15 | (E1) (E2) | 1850.6 1622.0 | 12+ 11- | |
2431.7 6 | 15- | 171.7 3 416.6 3 | 100 21 47 16 | [E1] (E2) | 2259.7 2015.1 | 14+ 13- | |
2873.1 6 | 17- | 185.1 3 441.3 3 | 100 21 35 11 | (E1) (E2) | 2688.0 2431.7 | 16+ 15- | |
3340.9 7 | 19- | 206.9 3 468.0 3 | 100 19 41 12 | [E1] (E2) | 3133.9 2873.1 | 18+ 17- | |
3836.0 7 | 21- | 239.2 3 494.9 3 | 100 30 29 9 | [E1] (E2) | 3596.8 3340.9 | 20+ 19- | |
4348.5 7 | 23- | 269.8 3 512.6 3 | 100 29 60 19 | [E1] [E2] | 4078.6 3836.0 | 22+ 21- | |
4882.1 8 | (25-) | 304? 533.3 | 100 | [E2] | 4579.2 4348.5 | 24+ 23- |
E(level) (keV) | Jπ(level) | T1/2(level) | E(γ) (keV) | Multipolarity | Conversion Coefficient | Additional Data |
182.9 | 2+ | 240 ps 20 | 182.9 2 | E2 | 0.920 | B(E2)(W.u.)=75 6, α=0.920 14 |
439.2 | 4+ | 46 ps 6 | 256.3 2 | E2 | 0.278 | B(E2)(W.u.)=109 15, α=0.278 4 |
466.6 | (3-) | 283.7 | [E1] | 0.0421 | α=0.0421 7 | |
650.4 | 5- | 211.1 3 | E1 | 0.0831 | α=0.0831 12 | |
749.3 | 6+ | < 51 ps | 98.7 3 | (E1) | 0.1215 | B(E1)(W.u.)>0.0013, α=0.1215 20 |
6+ | < 51 ps | 310.2 3 | E2 | 0.1524 | B(E2)(W.u.)>22, α=0.1524 22 | |
922.6 | 7- | 173.1 3 | E1 | 0.1329 | α=0.1329 19 | |
7- | 272.4 3 | (E2) | 0.2280 | α=0.2280 33 | ||
1092.8 | 8+ | 170.1 3 | E1 | 0.1385 | α=0.1385 20 | |
8+ | 343.6 3 | E2 | 0.1131 | α=0.1131 16 | ||
1254.2 | 9- | 161.2 3 | E1 | 0.1575 | α=0.1575 23 | |
9- | 331.6 3 | E2 | 0.1252 | α=0.1252 18 | ||
1460.8 | 10+ | 206.4 3 | E1 | 0.0876 | α=0.0876 13 | |
10+ | 368.1 3 | E2 | 0.0932 | α=0.0932 13 | ||
1622.0 | 11- | 161.1 3 | E1 | 0.1577 | α=0.1577 23 | |
11- | 367.8 3 | E2 | 0.0934 | α=0.0934 13 | ||
1850.6 | 12+ | 228.5 3 | E1 | 0.0691 | α=0.0691 10 | |
12+ | 389.8 3 | (E2) | 0.0798 | α=0.0798 11 | ||
2015.1 | 13- | 164.4 3 | (E1) | 0.1503 | α=0.1503 22 | |
13- | 393.2 3 | (E2) | 0.0780 | α=0.0780 11 | ||
2259.7 | 14+ | 244.6 3 | E1 | 0.0590 | α=0.0590 8 | |
14+ | 409.2 3 | (E2) | 0.0702 | α=0.0702 10 | ||
2431.7 | 15- | 171.7 3 | [E1] | 0.1355 | α=0.1355 20 | |
15- | 416.6 3 | (E2) | 0.0670 | α=0.0670 9 | ||
2688.0 | 16+ | 256.2 3 | [E1] | 0.0531 | α=0.0531 8 | |
16+ | 428.5 3 | (E2) | 0.0624 | α=0.0624 9 | ||
E(level) (keV) | Jπ(level) | T1/2(level) | E(γ) (keV) | Multipolarity | Conversion Coefficient | Additional Data |
2873.1 | 17- | 185.1 3 | (E1) | 0.1133 | α=0.1133 16 | |
17- | 441.3 3 | (E2) | 0.0579 | α=0.0579 8 | ||
3133.9 | 18+ | 260.6 3 | (E1) | 0.0511 | α=0.0511 7 | |
18+ | 446.0 3 | [E2] | 0.0564 | α=0.0564 8 | ||
3340.9 | 19- | 206.9 3 | [E1] | 0.0871 | α=0.0871 13 | |
19- | 468.0 3 | (E2) | 0.0500 | α=0.0500 7 | ||
3596.8 | 20+ | 256.0 3 | [E1] | 0.0532 | α=0.0532 8 | |
20+ | 462.8 3 | (E2) | 0.0514 | α=0.0514 7 | ||
3836.0 | 21- | 239.2 3 | [E1] | 0.0622 | α=0.0622 9 | |
21- | 494.9 3 | (E2) | 0.0437 | α=0.0437 6 | ||
4078.6 | 22+ | 242.3 3 | [E1] | 0.0603 | α=0.0603 9 | |
22+ | 482.0 3 | (E2) | 0.0466 | α=0.0466 7 | ||
4348.5 | 23- | 269.8 3 | [E1] | 0.0472 | α=0.0472 7 | |
23- | 512.6 3 | [E2] | 0.0402 | α=0.0402 6 | ||
4579.2 | 24+ | 230.7 3 | [E1] | 0.0676 | α=0.0676 10 | |
24+ | 500.7 3 | (E2) | 0.0425 | α=0.0425 6 | ||
4882.1 | (25-) | 533.3 | [E2] | 0.0367 | α=0.0367 5 | |
5099.2 | (26+) | 520.0 | [E2] | 0.0389 | α=0.0389 6 |
Additional Level Data and Comments:
E(level) | Jπ(level) | T1/2(level) | Comments |
0.0 | 0+ | 1.964 ms 2 % α = 100 | %ε<1.3×10-8, estimated by evaluators from a possible ε branch to 222Ac g.s., with log ft>5.9. Theoretical partial T1/2>100 s for 222Th ε decay (2019Mo01) gives %ε<0.002, and theoretical partial T1/2≈8×10+4 s of 1973Ta30 gives %ε≈3×10-6. E(level): %ε<1.3×10-8, estimated by evaluators from a possible ε branch to 222Ac g.s., with log ft>5.9. Theoretical partial T1/2>100 s for 222Th ε decay (2019Mo01) gives %ε<0.002, and theoretical partial T1/2≈8×10+4 s of 1973Ta30 gives %ε≈3×10-6. Kπ=0+ g.s. band. |
182.9 | 2+ | 240 ps 20 | E(level): Kπ=0+ g.s. band. |
246 | (1-) | E(level): Kπ=0- octupole-vibrational band. | |
439.2 | 4+ | 46 ps 6 | E(level): Kπ=0+ g.s. band. |
466.6 | (3-) | E(level): Kπ=0- octupole-vibrational band. | |
650.4 | 5- | E(level): Kπ=0- octupole-vibrational band. | |
749.3 | 6+ | < 51 ps | B(E1)/B(E2)=0.00016 3 (1983Wa20), 0.00011 2 (1985Bo32). E(level): Kπ=0+ g.s. band. |
922.6 | 7- | B(E1)/B(E2)=0.00018 7 (1983Wa20), 0.00011 3 (1985Bo32). E(level): Kπ=0- octupole-vibrational band. | |
1092.8 | 8+ | B(E1)/B(E2)=0.00015 3 (1983Wa20), 0.00025 5 (1985Bo32). E(level): Kπ=0+ g.s. band. | |
1254.2 | 9- | B(E1)/B(E2)=0.00014 3 (1983Wa20), 0.00014 3 (1985Bo32). E(level): Kπ=0- octupole-vibrational band. | |
1460.8 | 10+ | B(E1)/B(E2)=0.00029 16 (1983Wa20), 0.00026 6 (1985Bo32). E(level): Kπ=0+ g.s. band. | |
1622.0 | 11- | B(E1)/B(E2)=0.00021 6 (1983Wa20), 0.00026 7 (1985Bo32). E(level): Kπ=0- octupole-vibrational band. | |
1850.6 | 12+ | B(E1)/B(E2)=0.00022 11 (1983Wa20), 0.00019 3 (1985Bo32). E(level): Kπ=0+ g.s. band. | |
2015.1 | 13- | B(E1)/B(E2)=0.00019 5 (1983Wa20), 0.00026 5 (1985Bo32). E(level): Kπ=0- octupole-vibrational band. | |
2259.7 | 14+ | B(E1)/B(E2)=0.00009 3 (1983Wa20), 0.00022 4 (1985Bo32). E(level): Kπ=0+ g.s. band. | |
2431.7 | 15- | B(E1)/B(E2)=0.00020 6 (1983Wa20), 0.00034 8 (1985Bo32). E(level): Kπ=0- octupole-vibrational band. | |
2688.0 | 16+ | B(E1)/B(E2)=0.00008 3 (1983Wa20). E(level): Kπ=0+ g.s. band. | |
2873.1 | 17- | B(E1)/B(E2)=0.00022 8 (1983Wa20). E(level): Kπ=0- octupole-vibrational band. | |
3133.9 | 18+ | E(level): Kπ=0+ g.s. band. | |
3340.9 | 19- | E(level): Kπ=0- octupole-vibrational band. | |
3596.8 | 20+ | E(level): Kπ=0+ g.s. band. | |
3836.0 | 21- | E(level): Kπ=0- octupole-vibrational band. | |
4078.6 | 22+ | E(level): Kπ=0+ g.s. band. | |
4348.5 | 23- | E(level): Kπ=0- octupole-vibrational band. | |
4579.2 | 24+ | E(level): Kπ=0+ g.s. band. | |
E(level) | Jπ(level) | T1/2(level) | Comments |
4882.1 | (25-) | E(level): Kπ=0- octupole-vibrational band. | |
5099.2 | (26+) | E(level): Kπ=0+ g.s. band. |
1970To07: 222Th produced and identified in 208Pb(16O,2n), E(16O)=10.6 MeV/nucleon at the Yale accelerator facility; measured α-decay and half-life.
1970Va13: 222Th produced and identified in 208Pb(18O,4n); 208Pb(20Ne,α2n); 208Pb(22Ne,α4n); 209Bi(19F,α2n); E=10.3 MeV/nucleon from Berkeley HILAC facility; measured α-decay and half-life.
Later studies of 222Th decay: 1991AnZZ, 1999Ho28, 2000He17, 2001Ku07, 2005Li17, 2016Pa28, 2018Mi11.
Theoretical nuclear structure calculations:
2022Ja07: calculated fragmentation potentials and preformation probabilities as functions of mass and charge distributions, fission σ(E) using dynamical cluster-decay model (DCM), including quadrupole β2 and octupole β3 deformations of fission fragments.
2020Ca18: calculated deformation parameters β2, β3, octupole deformation energies, proton moments Q20 and Q30 for octupole-deformed nuclei using Skyrme energy density functionals, and covariant energy density functionals.
2020No13: calculated potential energy surface in (β2,β3) plane, energies of yrast positive-parity and negative-parity states, energy splitting between positive- and negative-parity yrast bands, B(E1), B(E2), B(E3), transition quadrupole and octupole moments using interacting boson model (IBM).
2018Ah03: calculated levels, Jπ, bands using IBM-1, Bohr-Mottelson, and IVBM models.
2018Ry04: calculated deformation energy relative to (β20,β30) plane, quadrupole and octupole deformation of the mean-field minimum, excitation energies of rotational states using cranked HFB approach; deduced sudden change in configuration and shape of the observed yrast states from large octupole deformation at low spin to small octupole deformation at high spin.
2017Xi15: calculated levels, Jπ, B(E1), B(E2), B(E3), electric dipole moments, deformation energy surface in (β2,β3) plane, states of reflection-asymmetric nuclei using microscopic quadrupole-octupole collective Hamiltonian (QOCH) based on relativistic α(p)-PK1 energy density functionals.
2017Ne02: calculated potential energy surface, deformation, g.s. and superdeformed quadrupole moments using Fourier shape parameterization.
2013No07: calculated levels, Jπ, bands, potential energy surfaces, B(E2), B(E1) using microscopic framework based on nuclear density functional theory.
2008Fr03: calculated energy differences between positive and negative parity yrast sequences, and energies of aligned octupole multiphonon bands for heart-shaped nuclei.
2005Bo18: calculated g.s. and vibrational bands, level energies, B(E1), B(E2), shape transitions using analytic quadrupole octupole axially symmetric model.
2000Bo34: calculated octupole bands transition energies, beat patterns using algebraic models.
1995Jo11: calculated alternating-parity ground state bands level energies, octupole correlations, rotational spectra.
1989Eg02: calculated octupole barrier energies, pairing energy, deformations using microscopic model.
1987Na10: calculated levels, Jπ, routhians, rotational bands, shapes, B(E1)/B(E2) ratios using the cranking model.
1986Le05: calculated B(E1)/B(E2) branching ratio, shell effects on collective E1 excitations, adiabatic isovector and isoscalar deformations.
1984Fr06: calculated quasiparticle routhians for pear-shaped rotating nuclei, octupole-quadrupole deformed axial Woods-Saxon potential.
1984Na08: calculated β2, β3 deformation parameters using Woods-Saxon-Bogolyubov cranking theory.
Other theoretical calculations: 73 primary references for structure, and 75 for decay modes (α, 14C and clusters, SF) retrieved from the NSR database are listed as ’document’ records in this dataset.
Levels: The Kπ=0+ g.s. band and the Kπ=0- band at 246 keV have been interpreted as octupole parity-doublet bands.
Levels: Additional high-spin levels, decaying by a single transition each, with no Jπ assignments, are proposed only by 1988ScZF at 1477.2, 1502.4, 1541.4, 1593.3, 1612.6, 1774.6, 1906.2, 1926.2, 1935.2, 2035.8, 2304.8, 2312.6 and 2404.0 keV. These are not listed in this dataset, as evaluators consider these as unconfirmed, but can be found in the 208Pb(18O,4nγ) dataset.
Q-value: Q(ε)=581 11, S(2n)=13629 17, S(2p)=7647 13 (2021Wa16)