Excited states in ${}^{208}$Pb have been studied by measuring $\gamma$ rays in time coincidence with reaction charged particles. ${}^{208}$Pb states were produced with both the ${}^{207}$Pb${\mathrm{}(d,p)\mathrm{}}^{208}$Pb and ${}^{209}$Bi$(t,\alpha )$${}^{208}$Pb reactions. The energy resolution of the particle spectra of 100 keV allowed a rough determination of level excitation, which then was determined with high resolution from the coincident $\gamma$ decay measured in Ge detectors. Many new $\gamma$ transitions have been found and previously unresolved multiplets of states resolved. The data give spectroscopic factors for neutron transfer and proton pickup. Spins and parities of levels could be deduced from their $\gamma$ decays. A least squares fit of all $\gamma$ energies gave very precise (0.1 keV) level energies. All states predicted by the shell model below 4.6 MeV are now found and their spins determined unambiguously.

• Received 18 February 1997

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.56.1320