Abstract
The nuclear-polarization (NP) energies with the collective model commonly employed in the NP calculations for hydrogenlike heavy ions are found to have serious gauge violations when the ladder and cross diagrams only are taken into account. Using the equivalence of charge-current density with a schematic microscopic model, the NP energy shifts with the collective model are gauge invariantly evaluated for the states in and
- Received 25 November 2002
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevC.67.048501
©2003 American Physical Society