Low-energy dipole modes in unstable nuclei

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Abstract

Enhancement of electric dipole (E1) strength at low energy is investigated in light neutron and proton drip-line nuclei with halo or skin by large scale shell model calculations. Large E1 strength are found in low excitation energy region below 5 MeV in 11Li, 12Be and 13O. Both the effects of extended halo or skin wave functions and the coherence in the transition amplitudes are important to enhance the E1 strength. The particle (hole)- vibration coupling model is shown to explain the splitting of the low energy E1 strength in 11Li and 13O. Melting of the shell magicity at N=8 and Z=8 is pointed out. Pigmy resonances in oxygen isotopes are also studied. The pigmy strength below Ex = 15 MeV are shown to have about 10 % of the Thomas- Reiche-Kuhn (TRK) sum rule and more than 40 % of the cluster sum rule.

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