Scattering of low energy pions by 12C, 40Ca, 58,60,64Ni and the anomaly in pionic atoms

doi:10.1016/0370-2693(88)90668-5

Physics Letters B

Volume 207, Issue 4, 30 June 1988, Pages 381-384

https://doi.org/10.1016/0370-2693(88)90668-5 Get rights and content

Abstract

Several cases of anomalously small level shifts and widths are known in pionic atoms. These lead to pion-nucleus potentials which are different from those describing all other “normal” pionic atoms. Data on the elastic scattering of 19.5 MeV π^± by ¹²C and ⁴⁰Ca and 30 MeV π^± by ^58,60,64Ni is in very good agreement with predictions made with normal potentials and clearly rule-out potentials obtained from the “anomalous” cases.

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Hadronic atoms provide a unique laboratory for studying strong interactions and nuclear medium effects at zero kinetic energy. Previous results from analyses of strong-interaction data consisting of level shifts, widths and yields in π⁻, K⁻, p̄ and ∑⁻ atoms are reviewed. Recent results from fits to comprehensive sets of data in terms of density-dependent optical potentials that respect the low-density limit, where the interaction tends to the free hadron nucleon value, are discussed. The importance of using realistic nuclear density distributions is highlighted. The introduction of density dependence in most cases significantly improves the fit to the data and leads to some novel results. For K⁻ atoms, a substantial attraction of order 200 MeV in nuclear matter is suggested, with interesting repercussions for K̄ condensation and the evolution of strangeness in high-density stars. For p̄ atoms it is found that a reasonable p-wave strength can be accommodated in the fitted optical potential, in agreement with the energy dependence observed for some low-energy p̄N reactions. For ∑⁻ atoms, the fitted potential becomes repulsive inside the nucleus, implying that Σ hyperons generally do not bind in nuclei in agreement with recent measurements. This repulsion significantly affects calculated masses of neutron stars.
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Cutoff Date:Literature available up to June 25, 1996 has been consulted.
General Policies and Organization of Material:See the January issue of Nuclear Data Sheets.
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General Comments:The statistical analysis of γ-ray data and deduced level schemes is carried out through computer codes available at Isotopes Project, Berkeley and Nuclear Data Center, Brookhaven. The methodology and procedures for some of these codes are described by 86BrZQ and 86Br21. A general 3% uncertainty is assumed in quoted theoretical internal conversion coefficients taken mainly from 68Ha53.
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Scattering of low energy pions by 12C, 40Ca, 58,60,64Ni and the anomaly in pionic atoms☆

Abstract

Ann. Phys. (NY)

Nucl. Phys. B

Nucl. Phys. A

Nucl. Phys. A

Nucl. Phys. A

Nucl. Phys. A

Nucl. Phys. A

Phys. Lett. B

Phys. Lett. B

Phys. Lett. B

Nucl. Phys. A

Phys. Lett. B

Nucl. Phys. A

Nucl. Phys. A

Phys. Lett. B

Scattering of low energy pions by ¹²C, ⁴⁰Ca, ^58,60,64Ni and the anomaly in pionic atoms☆