A comparative analysis of nuclear excitations by high energy electrons, protons, pions and alpha's

doi:10.1016/0370-2693(73)90179-2

Physics Letters B

Volume 45, Issue 3, 23 July 1973, Pages 190-194

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Abstract

Cross sections for the excitation of resolved nuclear levels by electrons, protons, pions and alpha's of highest energy available are analysed. Reduced cross sections are shown to be approximately proportional to the squared form factors over a relatively wide range of squared momentum transfers t. The proportionality factors for given nucleus and projectile energy are nearly independent of t and the spin of the level, indicating the approximate validity of the DWIA. Ratios of B(El) values for the excitation of different levels in the same nucleus using various projectiles are found to agree. It further appears that the DWIA holds, though to a lesser extent, even for elastic scattering.

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Elastic and inelastic scattering of 178 MeV protons from 58Ni and 60Ni
1981, Nuclear Physics, Section A
The elastic and inelastic scattering of 178 MeV protons from ⁵⁸Ni and ⁶⁰Ni has been studied. Angular distributions were measured for the differential cross sections for elastic scattering as well as inelastic scattering from excited states below about 5 MeV, all with natural parity. For the elastic and for the inelastic scattering from the first excited state (2⁺ in both nuclei, the angular distributions for the polarization were also measured. The measurements extend out to c.m. angles of about 60°, corresponding to a momentum transfer of about 600 MeV/c.
The elastic and inelastic scattering data were compared to the results of coupled-channel calculations in the vibrational model using a deformed spin-orbit interaction of the full Thomas form. Good agreement was found in general showing that the main features of the experimental results are well described in this model.
Scattering of 1 GeV protons on nuclei
1978, Physics Reports
The 1 GeV high resolution proton nucleus scattering is reviewed. The effects from nuclear correlations are considered in detail. The sensitivity of differential cross sections to the one particle density and NN amplitude parameters are demonstrated. An analysis of the elastic proton scattering from the zero-spin nuclei and the obtained information on the neutron and matter distributions are presented. The scattering from a few nonspherical light nuclei is analysed. The first results on proton-nucleus polarization are discussed.
Analysis of elastic and inelastic α-12C data (E<inf>α</inf> = 1.37 GeV) with a multiple diffraction model
1977, Nuclear Physics, Section A
High-energy inelastic α-¹²C distributions are analyzed with an eikonalized DWIA. Using an elastic phase function parametrized to fit the elastic α-¹²C distribution and further inelastic form factors from electron scattering data, we obtained reasonable agreement for the 2⁺ and 0⁺ distributions. We observe and discuss the anomalous absence of a predicted diffraction minimum in the 3⁻ distribution as is also the case for the 1 GeV p-¹²C data.
High-energy proton-nucleus scattering and correlations
1975, Annals of Physics
Effects of long-range correlations on high-energy elastic and inelastic proton-nucleus scattering are investigated using the eikonal approximation. We treat multiple scattering of the proton in a coupled channel formalism where virtual excitations and de-excitations of the nucleus are allowed during the scattering process. This is completely equivalent to considering many-body correlations to any order. We also study effects of spin and isospin dependence of the nucleon-nucleon interaction in elastic and inelastic p+ nucleus scattering. We propose to use inelastic scattering to known nuclear states as an analyzer of the different components of the nucleon-nucleon interaction. The strong p+ nucleus interaction is treated in close analogy to electromagnetic and weak interactions where similar nuclear matrix elements occur. We calculate cross sections and polarizations using all information available from nucleon-nucleon and electron-nucleus scattering. Numerical results are compared with experimental data for elastic scattering of 1 GeV protons on ¹²C and electric excitations of the $I^{π} T(E MeV) = 2^{+} 0(4.43), 0^{+} 0′(7.66) and 3^{−} 0(9.64)$ states in ¹²C. We predict the differential cross section and polarization for a magnetic transition to the 1⁺1(15.11) state in ¹²C.
Multiple diffractive analysis of elastic and inelastic scattering by 1 GeV protons on 12C, 58Ni, and 208Pb
1974, Annals of Physics
Recent elastic and inelastic scattering experiments of 1 GeV protons on ¹²C, ⁵⁸Ni, and ²⁰⁸Pb have been analyzed using multiple diffractive scattering theory.
Elastic angular distributions have been calculated, including pair correlations in many-particle densities. There is evidence from the Ni and Pb data for the presence of correlations, but some evaluated correlation corrections do not produce detailed agreement.
It is shown that the Glauber series for coherent inelastic scattering can be approximately summed to yield an eikonal form of the DWIA. In particular the smaller angle parts of the inelastic distributions are well described in this approximation.
The expression for the summed incoherent inelastic cross section is considered as a sum rule. It is found that for ¹²C the excitation of the three lowest excited states exhaust ≲ 25 % of the sum rule up to −t ≲ 1 fm⁻². For larger t quasi-elastic knock-out largely exhausts the sum rule.
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1997, Physics Reviews

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Physics Letters B

Abstract

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Cited by (7)

Elastic and inelastic scattering of 178 MeV protons from <sup>58</sup>Ni and <sup>60</sup>Ni

Scattering of 1 GeV protons on nuclei

Analysis of elastic and inelastic α-<sup>12</sup>C data (E<inf>α</inf> = 1.37 GeV) with a multiple diffraction model

High-energy proton-nucleus scattering and correlations

Multiple diffractive analysis of elastic and inelastic scattering by 1 GeV protons on <sup>12</sup>C, <sup>58</sup>Ni, and <sup>208</sup>Pb

Nuclear diffraction