The 2H(3He, γ)5Li reaction from 2–26 MeV

doi:10.1016/0375-9474(72)90462-9

Nuclear Physics A

Volume 178, Issue 2, 3 January 1972, Pages 337-349

https://doi.org/10.1016/0375-9474(72)90462-9 Get rights and content

Abstract

The ²H(³He, γ)⁵Li cross section has been measured at 90° for ³He energies of 2–26 MeV, corresponding to excitation energies in ⁵Li of 17–26 MeV. Gamma-ray angular distributions were measured at several energies in this range. Transition intensities to the ground state (γ₀) and first excited state (γ₁) of ⁵Li were extracted, and the γ₀ results were compared to theoretical predictions. The γ₀ and γ₁ results were found to be consistent with a $12^{+}$ state near 18 MeV and a $52^{+}$ state near 21 MeV in ⁵Li. Evidence was also found for higher-lying states, some of which might have negative parity.

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Radiative 3 He( 2 H, γ) 5 Li capture at astrophysical energy and its role in accumulation of 6 Li at the BBN
2019, Nuclear Physics A
Citation Excerpt :
Using data [20], we obtained the values of the integral cross section for Ecm = 0.764, 1.282, 1.712, 3.112, 4.312, 6.812, 9.312 MeV only for capture to the ground state of 5Li, since the data of [20] for the first excited state of 5Li are unreadable due to the error of the order of 100%. We obtain the cross section for the energies Ecm = 0.764, 1.282, and 1.712 MeV, by simply multiplying the differential cross sections [20], taken from Fig. 8 of this work by 4π, since at these energies the angular distributions are isotropic. We obtain the integral cross sections at Ecm = 3.112, 4.312, 6.812, 9.312 MeV, using data presented in Fig. 8 and Table 1 from Ref. [20].
Big Bang Nucleosynthesis (BBN) relevance reactions ³He(²H, γ)⁵Li, ³H(³He, γ)⁶Li, and ⁵Li(n, γ)⁶Li as a key to approach for scenario of ⁶Li formation are treated. The rates of reaction for these processes are analyzed. Comparison of the reactions rates and the prevalence of light elements leads to the assumption that the two-step process ²H + ³He $\to^{5}$ Li + γ and n + ⁵Li $\to^{6}$ Li + γ can make a significant contribution to the formation of ⁶Li at the BBN at least at temperatures $T_{9}$ of the order of unity. Calculations of the total cross sections, astrophysical S-factor, and reaction rates have been performed for ³He(²H, γ)⁵Li radiative capture within the modified potential cluster model with forbidden states, which follow from the classification of the orbital cluster states according to Young diagrams. Numerical data and corresponding parametrizations cover the energy range up to 5 MeV and temperature range $T_{9}$ < 10. An updated compilation of detailed data for the reaction ³He(²H, γ)⁵Li are presented.
Measurement and application of DDγ, DTγ and D3Heγ reactions at low energy
1985, Nuclear Inst. and Methods in Physics Research, B
The gamma ray branching ratios for the reactions T(d, γ)⁵He, D(d, γ)⁴He, ³He(d, γ)⁵ Li have been measured between center of mass energies of 25 to 100 keV. The branching ratios are observed to be roughly constant over the energy range of the measurements with best values Γ_dtγ/ Γ_dtα = (5.4±1.3)× 10⁻⁵Γ_ddγ/Γ_ddp= (1.1 ±0.3) × 10⁻⁷ and Γ_d3Heγ/ Γ_d3Heα = (5.0±1.2) × 10⁻⁵. These branching ratios are used to calculate the reactivities for the production of the gamma rays by high temperature plasmas. Specific applications to TFTR plasmas will be presented.
Search for highly excited states in light nuclei with three-body reactions
1985, Nuclear Physics, Section A
Various three-body break-up reactions resulting from the bombardment of ⁷Li with 120 MeV ³He have been measured simultaneously in a kinematically complete experiment. Missing-mass spectra have been deduced for ⁴H, ⁴He, ⁴Li, ⁵He, ⁵Li, ⁶He, ⁶Li and ⁷Li. The ground states of ⁴H and ⁵He are well described as n-t and n-α P-wave final-state interactions, respectively. Evidence is found for relatively narrow states at very high excitation energies in several nuclei. The results are compared with those of other authors and with various theoretical predictions.
Phase-shift analysis of 3He(d, d)3He scattering
1980, Nuclear Physics, Section A
Between 0.32 and 5.0 MeV deuteron energy a phase-shift analysis of ³He(d, d)³He crosssection and deuteron analyzing-power data has been made. Expressions relating the analyzing powers to the scattering amplitudes are derived and an energy-independent parametrization of threechannel scattering matrices is given. The analysis includes spin-orbit splitting, mixing of states and loss of flux to reaction channels. Excellent fits have been obtained. However, the data set has proved to be too incomplete to permit a unique determination of the relevant parameters. At low energies continuum ambiguities have been found and explored. Common properties of the solutions point to the existence of several broad highly excited states of the ⁵Li nucleus.
Radiative deuteron capture in 13C
1976, Nuclear Physics, Section A
The 90 differential cross section of the ¹³C(d, γ₀)¹⁵N reaction has been measured at deuteron energies from E_d = 2.90 to 9.95 MeV in steps of 200 keV. Angular distributions have been obtained at E_d = 3.28, 3.96, 4.30, 4.76, 5.32, 5.92, 6.23, 6.63 and 7.94 MeV. The γ-rays have been detected with a 23 cm long by 23 cm diameter NaI(Tl) crystal spectrometer enclosed in a plastic scintillator anticoincidence shield. The γ-ray yield curve decreases monotonically with energy and shows a resonant behaviour at E_d = 6.65 MeV (E_x = 21.9 MeV) and a wide structure at E_d = 8.8 MeV(E_x ≈ 23.8 MeV). The angular distributions are consistent with the hypothesis that states with quantum numbers $J^{π} = 12^{+} and 32^{+}$ are excited in the capture process followed by emission of E1 radiation. There is also evidence of M1/E2 transitions over the whole energy region investigated.
The 9Be(d, γ<inf>0</inf>)11B reaction in the region of the giant dipole resonance
1974, Nuclear Physics, Section A
The 90° yield of the $^{9} Be(d, γ_{0})^{11} B$ reaction has been measured at deuteron energies ranging from 2.86 to 11.92 MeV in steps of 250 keV. Angular distributions have been obtained at E_d = 2.96, 6.87, 8.89 and 9.65 MeV. The γ-rays have been detected with a 23 cm × 23 cm NaI(Tl) crystal spectrometer enclosed in a plastic-scintillator anticoincidence shield. Evidence of structure has been observed in the excitation curve at E_d ≈ 3.4 and 9.65 MeV corresponding to excitation energies E_exc = 18.6 and 23.7 MeV, respectively. The angular distributions are typical of E1 transitions with a maximum at θ_L ≈ 90°. A calculation of the differential cross section of the inverse reaction, considered as a one-step direct process, gives results incompatible with the experiment and suggests that the $^{9} Be(d,γ_{0})^{11} B$ reaction proceeds through excitation of the $T = 12$ component of the giant dipole resonance in ¹¹B.

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^†: Work supported in part by the National Science Foundation.

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Nuclear Physics A

Abstract

References (22)

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Search for highly excited states in light nuclei with three-body reactions

Phase-shift analysis of <sup>3</sup>He(d, d)<sup>3</sup>He scattering

Radiative deuteron capture in <sup>13</sup>C

The <sup>9</sup>Be(d, γ<inf>0</inf>)<sup>11</sup>B reaction in the region of the giant dipole resonance