Elsevier

Nuclear Physics A

Volume 194, Issue 1, 16 October 1972, Pages 113-139
Nuclear Physics A

Gamma decay of low-lying states near the 208Pb closed shell

https://doi.org/10.1016/0375-9474(72)91055-XGet rights and content

Abstract

A number of electromagnetic matrix elements between low-lying states of several nuclei near 208Pb have been measured. Coulomb excitation of states in 204, 206, 207, 208pb and 209Bi has been studied with beams of 4He and 16O. The energy loss of 4He and 16O in Pb has been measured by a novel method and thus accurate B(E2) and B(E3) values were obtained. Gamma-ray lineshapes observed after 16O bombardment were used to derive mean lifetimes of states at 2646.5 keV (τ = 0.125±0.030 ps) in 206Pb, and at 897.7 keV (τ = 0.19±0.04 ps), at 2624.4 keV (τ = 0.13±0.05 ps), and at 2662.4 keV (τ = 0.95±0.20 ps) in 207Pb. The reactions 208pb(7Li, α2nγ)209Bi and 208Pb(7Li, 6Liγ)209Pb were used for the first time to derive several lifetimes and branching ratios in 209Bi and 209Pb. An intermediate-coupling calculation has been performed which reproduces extremely well the known B(E2) values in 207, 208Pb and 209Bi and which qualitatively explains the observed E1 matrix elements. Evidence for retardation of single-particle M1 transitions is presented. The main cause for the retardation is excitations of spin-orbit partners. Possible contributions from higher-order excitations and from mesonic exchange currents are discussed.

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