Abstract
The violation of the isospin selection rule has been studied in the reaction with deuteron energies between 9 and 12.5 MeV. The differential and total cross sections of the isospin-forbidden transition to the first state in (the state at 1.74-MeV excitation) have been compared with the cross sections of the isospin-allowed transitions to the ground state (, ), the first excited state (, at 0.72 MeV), and the third excited state (, at 2.14 MeV). Mostly the intensity of the alpha group is less than 1% of the yield of the groups leading to the neighboring states. This reduction is due not only to isospin forbiddenness but also to angular-momentum and parity selection rules which apply in this particular () reaction for which both the initial and the final state have . These weighting factors have been calculated by use of the statistical theory of nuclear reactions. After these factors have been applied, the alpha group has an intensity of about 10% relative to the other three transitions at a deuteron energy of 9 MeV and 1-2% at an energy of 11 MeV. The small yield is ascribed to the isospin selection rules that to some extent govern this transition. In the energy range from 9 to 11 MeV, the angular distribution of the state stays fairly constant and is nearly symmetric around 90°. The yield decreases steadily. At deuteron energies higher than 11.5 MeV, the angular distribution changes drastically and becomes strongly forward peaked and asymmetric around 90°, and the total yield increases slightly. We assume that this behavior indicates a direct-interaction mechanism in which the process of mixing the isospins takes place at the surface of the nucleus. Coulomb excitation during the process of capture or emission might be responsible for the isospin violation at these higher deuteron energies.
- Received 14 February 1966
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.147.743
©1966 American Physical Society