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NSR database version of April 24, 2024.

Search: Author = W.A.Friedman

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2009FR10      Eur.Phys.J. A 41, 109 (2009)

W.A.Friedman, G.F.Bertsch

Whence the odd-even staggering in nuclear binding?

NUCLEAR STRUCTURE A=1-270; calculated odd-even staggering in nuclear binding energies using a two-term parameterization of three components. Comparison with experimental data.

doi: 10.1140/epja/i2009-10773-x
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2007FR23      Phys.Rev. C 76, 057301 (2007)

W.A.Friedman, G.F.Bertsch

Neutron-proton pairing reexamined

NUCLEAR STRUCTURE 40K, 48,50Sc, 56,60Co, 58Cu, 64Co, 72Ge, 132Sb, 208Tl, 208,210Bi; analyzed neutron-proton pairing interactions. Density functional theory.

doi: 10.1103/PhysRevC.76.057301
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2007MO18      Europhys.Lett. 79, 12001 (2007)

M.Mocko, M.B.Tsang, Z.Y.Sun, L.Andronenko, M.Andronenko, F.Delaunay, M.A.Famiano, W.A.Friedman, V.Henzl, D.Henzlova, H.Hui, X.D.Liu, S.Lukyanov, W.G.Lynch, A.M.Rogers, M.S.Wallace

Extrapolation of neutron-rich isotope cross-sections from projectile fragmentation

NUCLEAR REACTIONS 9Be(48Ca, X), (64Ni, X), 181Ta(48Ca, X), (64Ni, X), E=140 MeV/nucleon; analyzed cross section data to extrapolate cross sections for unmeasured neutron-rich nuclei.

doi: 10.1209/0295-5075/79/12001
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2007TS09      Phys.Rev. C 76, 041302 (2007)

M.B.Tsang, W.G.Lynch, W.A.Friedman, M.Mocko, Z.Y.Sun, N.Aoi, J.M.Cook, F.Delaunay, M.A.Famiano, H.Hui, N.Imai, H.Iwasaki, T.Motobayashi, M.Niikura, T.Onishi, A.M.Rogers, H.Sakurai, H.Suzuki, E.Takeshita, S.Takeuchi, M.S.Wallace

Fragmentation cross sections and binding energies of neutron-rich nuclei

NUCLEAR REACTIONS 9Be(86Kr, X)69Cu/71Cu/73Cu/75Cu/76Cu/77Cu/78Cu/79Cu, E=64 MeV/A; analyzed cross sections, binding energies. 9Be, 181Ta(48Ca, X)23Na/24Na/25Na/26Na/27Na/28Na/29Na/30Na/31Na/26Mg/27Mg/28Mg/29Mg/30Mg/31Mg/32Mg/33Mg/34Mg/35Mg, E=140 MeV/nucleon; analyzed cross sections.

doi: 10.1103/PhysRevC.76.041302
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2006LI21      Europhys.Lett. 74, 806 (2006)

T.X.Liu, W.G.Lynch, M.J.van Goethem, X.D.Liu, R.Shomin, W.P.Tan, M.B.Tsang, G.Verde, A.Wagner, H.F.Xi, H.S.Xu, W.A.Friedman, S.R.Souza, R.Donangelo, L.Beaulieu, B.Davin, Y.Larochelle, T.Lefort, R.T.de Souza, R.Yanez, V.E.Viola, R.J.Charity, L.G.Sobotka

Cooling dynamics in multi-fragmentation processes

NUCLEAR REACTIONS 112Sn(112Sn, X), E not given; measured fragments isotopic yields, kinetic energy spectra; deduced pre-equilibrium effects.

doi: 10.1209/epl/i2006-10040-x
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2006TS05      Eur.Phys.J. A 30, 129 (2006); Erratum Eur.Phys.J. A 32, 243 (2007)

M.B.Tsang, R.Bougault, R.Charity, D.Durand, W.A.Friedman, F.Gulminelli, A.Le Fevre, Al.H.Raduta, Ad.R.Raduta, S.Souza, W.Trautmann, R.Wada

Comparisons of statistical multifragmentation and evaporation models for heavy-ion collisions

doi: 10.1140/epja/i2006-10111-0
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2004FR11      Phys.Rev. C 69, 031601 (2004)

W.A.Friedman

Isotopic yields and isoscaling in fission

NUCLEAR STRUCTURE 234,239U; calculated fission fragments isotopic yields, isoscaling parameter. Liquid drop model, shell modifications.

doi: 10.1103/PhysRevC.69.031601
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2004MO16      Nucl.Phys. A734, 532 (2004)

M.Mocko, L.Andronenko, M.Andronenko, M.A.Famiano, W.A.Friedman, T.Ginter, M.-J.van Goethem, H.Hua, W.G.Lynch, D.Oostdyk, M.Steiner, A.Stolz, O.Tarasov, M.B.Tsang, G.Verde, M.S.Wallace, A.Zalessov

Fragmentation of 58Ni at 140 MeV/u

NUCLEAR REACTIONS 9Be, 181Ta(58Ni, X), E=140 MeV/nucleon; measured fragment charge and momentum distributions, relative isotopic yields; deduced evidence for 50Ca. 9Be, 181Ta(86Kr, X), E not given; measured fragment charge distributions.

doi: 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2004.01.098
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2004ON01      Nucl.Phys. A738, 308 (2004)

A.Ono, P.Danielewicz, W.A.Friedman, W.G.Lynch, M.B.Tsang

Isospin fractionation and isoscaling in dynamical nuclear collisions

NUCLEAR REACTIONS 40Ca(40Ca, X), 48Ca(48Ca, X), 60Ca(60Ca, X), E=35 MeV/nucleon; calculated fragment yield ratios, isospin fractionation and isoscaling features. Antisymmetrized molecular dynamics.

doi: 10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2004.04.051
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2004ON03      Phys.Rev. C 70, 041604 (2004)

A.Ono, P.Danielewicz, W.A.Friedman, W.G.Lynch, M.B.Tsang

Symmetry energy for fragmentation in dynamical nuclear collisions

NUCLEAR STRUCTURE A=5-45; calculated binding energies; analyzed reaction simulations; deduced free symmetry energy. Antisymmetrized molecular dynamics.

NUCLEAR REACTIONS 40Ca(40Ca, X), 48Ca(48Ca, X), 60Ca(60Ca, X), 46Fe(46Fe, X), E=35 MeV/nucleon; calculated fragment isotopic yields; deduced symmetry energy features. Antisymmetrized molecular dynamics.

doi: 10.1103/PhysRevC.70.041604
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2004TS01      Phys.Rev.Lett. 92, 062701 (2004)

M.B.Tsang, T.X.Liu, L.Shi, P.Danielewicz, C.K.Gelbke, X.D.Liu, W.G.Lynch, W.P.Tan, G.Verde, A.Wagner, H.S.Xu, W.A.Friedman, L.Beaulieu, B.Davin, R.T.de Souza, Y.Larochelle, T.Lefort, R.Yanez, V.E.Viola, Jr., R.J.Charity, L.G.Sobotka

Isospin Diffusion and the Nuclear Symmetry Energy in Heavy Ion Reactions

NUCLEAR REACTIONS 112,124Sn(112Sn, X), (124Sn, X), E=50 MeV/nucleon; measured Z=1-8 fragments isotopic yields; deduced isospin diffusion effects. Transport model calculations.

doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.062701
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2003FR10      Phys.Rev. C 67, 051601 (2003)

W.A.Friedman, M.B.Tsang

Measuring neutron separation energies far from stability

NUCLEAR REACTIONS 9Be(48Ca, X), (86Kr, X), (136Xe, X), 9Be, 27Al(197Au, X), Cu(208Pb, X), E not given; calculated particle-removal σ, excitation energy, sensitivity to neutron separation energies.

doi: 10.1103/PhysRevC.67.051601
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2003ON01      Phys.Rev. C 68, 051601 (2003)

A.Ono, P.Danielewicz, W.A.Friedman, W.G.Lynch, M.B.Tsang

Isospin fractionation and isoscaling in dynamical simulations of nuclear collisions

NUCLEAR REACTIONS 40Ca(40Ca, X), 48Ca(48Ca, X), 60Ca(60Ca, X), E=35 MeV/nucleon; calculated fragment yield ratios, dynamical particle emission, isoscaling parameters; deduced symmetry energy. Antisymmetrized molecular dynamics.

doi: 10.1103/PhysRevC.68.051601
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2003SO11      Phys.Rev. C 67, 051602 (2003)

S.R.Souza, P.Danielewicz, S.Das Gupta, R.Donangelo, W.A.Friedman, W.G.Lynch, W.P.Tan, M.B.Tsang

Mass parametrizations and predictions of isotopic observables

NUCLEAR STRUCTURE A=10-270; analyzed mass parameterizations, implications for yield predictions in multifragmentation reactions.

doi: 10.1103/PhysRevC.67.051602
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2002FR23      Prog.Theor.Phys.(Kyoto), Suppl. 146, 549 (2002)

W.A.Friedman, D.Bazin, W.G.Lynch, G.Renault, M.B.Tsang

Production of Rare Neutron-Rich Isotopes

NUCLEAR REACTIONS Be(197Au, X), E not given; calculated fragments isotopic production σ. Comparison with data.

doi: 10.1143/PTPS.146.549
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2002TS02      Phys.Rev. C66, 044618 (2002)

M.B.Tsang, R.Shomin, O.Bjarki, C.K.Gelbke, G.J.Kunde, R.C.Lemmon, W.G.Lynch, D.Magestro, R.Popescu, A.M.Vandermolen, G.Verde, G.D.Westfall, H.F.Xi, W.A.Friedman, G.Imme, V.Maddalena, C.Nociforo, G.Raciti, G.Riccobene, F.P.Romano, A.Saija, C.Sfienti, S.Fritz, C.Gross, T.Odeh, C.Schwarz, A.Nadasen, D.Sisan, K.A.G.Rao

Generalized isoscaling of isotopic distributions

NUCLEAR REACTIONS 45Sc(36Ar, X), E=50, 100, 150 MeV; 93Nb(86Kr, X), E=35, 70, 100, 120 MeV; measured isotope yield ratios; deduced scaling parameters.

doi: 10.1103/PhysRevC.66.044618
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2002TS03      Prog.Theor.Phys.(Kyoto), Suppl. 146, 398 (2002)

M.B.Tsang, W.A.Friedman

Exploring the Symmetry Energy in Nuclear Equation of State with Heavy Ion Collisions

NUCLEAR REACTIONS 112Sn(112Sn, X), 124Sn(124Sn, X), E=50 MeV/nucleon; analyzed isotopic yields; deduced scaling features, density dependence of symmetry energy.

doi: 10.1143/PTPS.146.398
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2001AV04      Yad.Fiz. 64, No 9, 1628 (2001); Phys.Atomic Nuclei 64, 1549 (2001)

S.P.Avdeyev, V.A.Karnaukhov, L.A.Petrov, V.K.Rodionov, V.D.Toneev, H.Oeschler, O.V.Bochkarev, L.V.Chulkov, E.A.Kuzmin, A.Budzanowski, W.Karcz, M.Janicki, E.Norbeck, A.S.Botvina, W.A.Friedman, K.K.Gudima, P.A.Rukoyatkin

Multifragmentation of Gold Nuclei by Light Relativistic Ions: Thermal breakup versus dynamical disintegration

NUCLEAR REACTIONS 197Au(p, X), E=2.16, 3.6, 8.1 GeV; 197Au(α, X), E=4, 14.6 GeV; 197Au(12C, X), E=22.4 GeV; measured intermediate mass fragments multiplicities, energy, angle, charge, and mass distributions; deduced fragmentation mechanism features. Statistical multifragmentation model, expanding emitting source model calculations.

doi: 10.1134/1.1409497
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2001TS03      Nucl.Phys. A681, 323c (2001)

M.B.Tsang, W.A.Friedman, C.Gelbke, W.G.Lynch, G.Verde, H.Xu

Scaling Behavior of Isotopes in Nuclear Reactions

doi: 10.1016/S0375-9474(00)00535-2
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2001TS06      Phys.Rev.Lett. 86, 5023 (2001)

M.B.Tsang, W.A.Friedman, C.K.Gelbke, W.G.Lynch, G.Verde, H.S.Xu

Isotopic Scaling in Nuclear Reactions

NUCLEAR REACTIONS 112Sn(112Sn, X), 124Sn(124Sn, X), 116,124Sn(α, X), E=50 MeV/nucleon; 197Au, 232Th(16O, X), E=8.6 MeV/nucleon; analyzed fragments isotopic yields; deduced scaling relationship, parameters. Expanding evaporating source model.

doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.86.5023
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2001TS07      Phys.Rev. C64, 041603 (2001)

M.B.Tsang, W.A.Friedman, C.K.Gelbke, W.G.Lynch, G.Verde, H.S.Xu

Conditions for Isoscaling in Nuclear Reactions

NUCLEAR REACTIONS 112Sn(112Sn, X), 124Sn(124Sn, X), E=50 MeV/nucleon; 208Pb, 232Th(16O, X), E=137 MeV; 92,100Mo(14N, X), E=97 MeV; 94Zr, 232Th(22Ne, X), E=173 MeV; 197Au, 232Th(16O, X), E=315 MeV; 116,124Sn(α, X), E=50 MeV/nucleon; analyzed fragments isotopic yields; deduced conditions for isoscaling.

doi: 10.1103/PhysRevC.64.041603
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2001TS08      Phys.Rev. C64, 054615 (2001)

M.B.Tsang, C.K.Gelbke, X.D.Liu, W.G.Lynch, W.P.Tan, G.Verde, H.S.Xu, W.A.Friedman, R.Donangelo, S.R.Souza, C.B.Das, S.Das Gupta, D.Zhabinsky

Isoscaling in Statistical Models

NUCLEAR REACTIONS 112,124Sn(112Sn, X), (124Sn, X), E*=6 MeV/nucleon; calculated fragment multiplicities, isotopic yield ratios. Statistical multifragmentation models, comparison with data.

doi: 10.1103/PhysRevC.64.054615
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2000FR18      Phys.Rev. C62, 064609 (2000)

W.A.Friedman, M.B.Tsang, D.Bazin, W.G.Lynch

Rare Isotope Production Near the Neutron Drip Line

NUCLEAR REACTIONS 9Be(86Kr, X), E=500 MeV/nucleon; 58Ni(78Kr, X), E=75 MeV/nucleon; calculated fragments isotopic yields. Abrasion-ablation model, comparison with data. Implications for exotic beam production discussed.

doi: 10.1103/PhysRevC.62.064609
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1999FO08      Phys.Rev. C60, 024601 (1999)

A.Fokin, L.Carlen, R.Ghetti, B.Jakobsson, J.Martensson, Yu.Murin, A.Oskarsson, C.Ekstrom, G.Ericsson, J.Romanski, E.J.van Veldhuizen, L.Westerberg, K.Nybo, T.F.Thorsteinsen, S.Amirelmi, M.Guttormsen, G.Lovhoiden, V.Bellini, F.Palazzolo, M.L.Sperduto, J.P.Bondorf, I.Mishustin, V.Avdeychikov, O.V.Lozhkin, W.A.Friedman, K.K.Gudima, and the CHIC Collaboration

d/p and t/p Ratios in Nucleon-Nucleus and Heavy Ion Reactions: Can entropy be determined ?

NUCLEAR REACTIONS Kr(p, X), E=150-500 MeV; Kr(16O, X), E=22-300 MeV/nucleon; Ar(20Ne, X), E=50-400 MeV/nucleon; measured light charged particles relative yields; deduced emission source density, thermodynamic features. Statistical model calculations.

doi: 10.1103/PhysRevC.60.024601
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1999FR15      Phys.Rev. C60, 014601 (1999)

W.A.Friedman

Nuclear Sizes and Temperatures from Two-Body Correlations

doi: 10.1103/PhysRevC.60.014601
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1999FR31      Phys.Rev. C60, 044603 (1999)

W.A.Friedman

Are the Largest Products of Fragmentation Residues ?

NUCLEAR REACTIONS U(Gd, X), E=36 MeV/nucleon; Sn(Xe, X), E=32 MeV/nucleon; calculated fragments charge, multiplicity distributions, kinetic energies; deduced residue scenario.

doi: 10.1103/PhysRevC.60.044603
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1999HS01      Phys.Rev. C60, 034609 (1999)

W.-C.Hsi, K.Kwiatkowski, G.Wang, D.S.Bracken, E.Cornell, D.S.Ginger, V.E.Viola, R.G.Korteling, K.B.Morley, R.Huang, W.G.Lynch, M.B.Tsang, H.Xi, F.Gimeno-Nogues, E.Ramakrishnan, D.Rowland, S.J.Yennello, H.Breuer, S.Gushue, L.P.Remsberg, A.Botvina, W.A.Friedman

Exclusive Studies of Angular Distributions in GeV Hadron-Induced Reactions with 197Au

NUCLEAR REACTIONS 197Au(p, X), E at 6-14.6 GeV/c; 197Au(π-, X), E at 5-9.2 GeV/c; measured intermediate mass fragments σ(E, θ), angular correlations; deduced kinematic-focusing origin of sideways peaking. ISiS array.

doi: 10.1103/PhysRevC.60.034609
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1999KW07      Nucl.Phys. (Supplement) A654, 786c (1999)

K.Kwiatkowski, W.-C.Hsi, G.Wang, T.Lefort, D.S.Bracken, E.Cornell, E.Renshaw Foxford, D.S.Ginger, V.E.Viola, N.R.Yoder, R.G.Korteling, E.C.Pollacco, R.Legrain, C.Volant, F.Gimeno-Nogues, R.Laforest, E.Martin, E.Ramakrishnan, D.Rowland, A.Ruangma, E.Winchester, S.J.Yennello, W.G.Lynch, M.B.Tsang, H.Xi, H.Breuer, K.B.Morley, S.Gushue, L.P.Remsberg, L.Pienkowski, J.Brzychczyk, A.Botvina, W.A.Friedman

Multifragmentation with GeV Light-Ion Beams

NUCLEAR REACTIONS 197Au(3He, X), E=4.8 GeV; measured intermediate mass fragment velocities and correlations, compound excitation energy probabilities. 197Au(p-bar, X), E at 8 GeV/c; measured light charged particles and intermediate mass fragments multiplicity distributions. Comparison between both reactions.

doi: 10.1016/S0375-9474(00)88547-4
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1999MI03      Phys.Rev.Lett. 82, 1399 (1999)

M.L.Miller, O.Bjarki, D.J.Magestro, R.Pak, N.T.B.Stone, M.B.Tonjes, A.M.Vander Molen, G.D.Westfall, W.A.Friedman

Disappearance of the Isospin Dependence of Multifragment Production

NUCLEAR REACTIONS 58Fe(58Fe, X), 58Ni(58Ni, X), E=45-105 MeV/nucleon; measured charged particle, intermediate mass fragments multiplicity distributions; deduced isospin dependence features. Several models compared.

doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.82.1399
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1999VI04      Phys.Rev. C59, 2660 (1999)

V.E.Viola, K.Kwiatkowski, W.A.Friedman

Double Isotope-Ratio Thermometers: The influence of emission time scales

NUCLEAR REACTIONS Ag(p, X), E=480 MeV; Xe(p, X), E=300 GeV; Ag, 116,124Sn, 197Au(α, X), E=180, 200 MeV; Ag(14N, X), E=1140 MeV; 197Au(14N, X), E=1400 MeV; analyzed isotope-ratio thermometer data; deduced fragment emission angular dependence, role of emission time scales.

doi: 10.1103/PhysRevC.59.2660
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1999WA10      Phys.Rev. C60, 014603 (1999)

G.Wang, K.Kwiatkowski, D.S.Bracken, E.Renshaw Foxford, W.-C.Hsi, K.B.Morley, V.E.Viola, N.R.Yoder, C.Volant, R.Legrain, E.C.Pollacco, R.G.Korteling, W.A.Friedman, A.Botvina, J.Brzychczyk, H.Breuer

Source Size and Time Dependence of Multifragmentation Induced by GeV 3He Beams

NUCLEAR REACTIONS Ag, 197Au(3He, X), E=1.8, 3.6, 4.8 GeV; measured intermediate mass fragments velocity, angular, charge distributions, correlations; deduced reaction time evolution features. Comparison with expanding emitting source, statistical multifragmentation models.

doi: 10.1103/PhysRevC.60.014603
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1999XI01      Phys.Rev. C59, 1567 (1999)

H.Xi, W.G.Lynch, M.B.Tsang, W.A.Friedman, D.Durand

Influence of Secondary Decay on Isotope-Ratio Temperature Measurements

doi: 10.1103/PhysRevC.59.1567
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1999YA16      Phys.Rev. C60, 041602 (1999)

L.B.Yang, E.Norbeck, W.A.Friedman, O.Bjarki, F.D.Ingram, R.A.Lacey, D.J.Magestro, M.L.Miller, A.Nadasen, R.Pak, N.T.B.Stone, A.M.Vander Molen, G.D.Westfall, S.J.Yennello

Odd-Even Z Isospin Anomaly in Heavy-Ion Reactions

NUCLEAR REACTIONS 58Fe(58Fe, X), 58Ni(58Ni, X), E=45, 75, 105 MeV/nucleon; measured σ(E, θ), intermediate mass fragments charge, energy distributions; deduced odd-even Z effect in yields vs target and projectile N/Z ratio.

doi: 10.1103/PhysRevC.60.041602
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1998AV02      Eur.Phys.J. A 3, 75 (1998)

S.P.Avdeyev, V.A.Karnaukhov, W.D.Kuznetsov, L.A.Petrov, V.K.Rodionov, A.S.Zubkevich, H.Oeschler, O.V.Bochkarev, L.V.Chulkov, E.A.Kuzmin, A.Budzanovski, W.Karcz, M.Janicki, E.Norbeck, A.S.Botvina, W.A.Friedman, W.Norenberg, G.Papp

Thermal Multifragmentation in p + Au Interactions at 2.16, 3.6 and 8.1 GeV Incident Energies

NUCLEAR REACTIONS 197Au(p, X), E=2.16, 3.6, 8.1 GeV; measured intermediate mass fragments spectra, multiplicity, charge, angular distributions; deduced thermal multifragmentation. Intranuclear cascade model.

doi: 10.1007/s100500050149
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1998HS01      Phys.Rev. C58, R13 (1998)

W.-C.Hsi, K.Kwiatkowski, G.Wang, D.S.Bracken, E.Cornell, D.S.Ginger, V.E.Viola, N.R.Yoder, R.G.Korteling, F.Gimeno-Nogues, E.Ramakrishnan, D.Rowland, S.J.Yennello, R.Huang, W.G.Lynch, M.B.Tsang, H.Xi, H.Breuer, K.B.Morley, S.Gushue, L.P.Remsberg, W.A.Friedman, A.Botvina

Sideways-Peaked Angular Distributions in Hadron-Induced Multifragmentation: Shock waves, geometry, or kinematics ?

NUCLEAR REACTIONS 197Au(p, X), E at 6, 10, 12.8, 14.6 GeV/c; 197Au(π-, X), E at 5, 8.2, 9.2 GeV/c; measured intermediate mass fragments σ(θ), multiplicity; deduced kinematic explanation for sideways peaking.

doi: 10.1103/PhysRevC.58.R13
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1998KW02      Phys.Lett. 423B, 21 (1998)

K.Kwiatkowski, A.S.Botvina, D.S.Bracken, E.Renshaw Foxford, W.A.Friedman, R.G.Korteling, K.B.Morley, E.C.Pollacco, V.E.Viola, C.Volant

Heating Nuclear Matter with GeV 3He Beams

NUCLEAR REACTIONS Ag, 197Au(3He, X), E=1.8, 3.6, 4.8 GeV; measured intermediate mass fragments, excitation-energy distributions, H, He isotope ratios; deduced heating curve. Multifragmentation models comparisons.

doi: 10.1016/S0370-2693(97)01554-2
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1998XI02      Nucl.Phys. A630, 160c (1998)

H.Xi, M.J.Huang, W.G.Lynch, M.B.Tsang, J.D.Dinius, S.J.Gaff, C.K.Gelbke, T.Glasmacher, G.J.Kunde, L.Martin, C.P.Montoya, S.Pratt, E.Scannapieco, P.M.Milazzo, M.Azzano, G.V.Margagliotti, R.Rui, G.Vannini, N.Colonna, L.Celano, G.Tagliente, M.D'Agostino, M.Bruno, M.L.Fiandri, F.Gramegna, A.Ferrero, I.Iori, A.Moroni, F.Petruzzelli, P.F.Mastinu, W.A.Friedman

Nuclear Temperature Measurements with Helium Isotopes

NUCLEAR REACTIONS 197Au(197Au, X), E=35 MeV/nucleon; Cu(Xe, X), E=30 MeV/nucleon; measured H, He isotopes σ(E, θ); deduced reaction temperature features.

doi: 10.1016/S0375-9474(97)00752-5
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1997TS04      Phys.Rev.Lett. 78, 3836 (1997)

M.B.Tsang, W.G.Lynch, H.Xi, W.A.Friedman

Nuclear Thermometers from Isotope Yield Ratios

NUCLEAR REACTIONS Ag(N, X), E=35 MeV/nucleon; Ag(S, X), E=22 MeV/nucleon; Xe(p, X), E at 80 GeV/c; analyzed isotope yield ratios; deduced nuclear thermometers related features.

doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.78.3836
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1997WA06      Phys.Lett. 393B, 290 (1997)

G.Wang, K.Kwiatkowski, K.B.Morley, D.S.Bracken, E.Renshaw Foxford, W.A.Friedman, R.G.Korteling, R.Legrain, E.C.Pollacco, V.E.Viola, C.Volant

Time Dependence of Multifragmentation in Light-Ion-Induced Reactions

NUCLEAR REACTIONS 197Au(3He, X), E=4.8 GeV; measured intermediate mass fragment pairs relative velocity distributions; deduced multifragmentation time-dependence, emission mechanism.

doi: 10.1016/S0370-2693(96)01627-9
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1996CO22      Phys.Rev.Lett. 77, 4508 (1996)

E.W.Cornell, T.M.Hamilton, D.Fox, Y.Lou, R.T.de Souza, M.J.Huang, W.C.Hsi, C.Schwarz, C.Williams, D.R.Bowman, J.Dinius, C.K.Gelbke, D.O.Handzy, M.A.Lisa, W.G.Lynch, G.F.Peaslee, L.Phair, M.B.Tsang, G.Van Buren, R.J.Charity, L.G.Sobotka, W.A.Friedman

Investigating the Evolution of Multifragmenting Systems with Fragment Emission Order

NUCLEAR REACTIONS 197Au(84Kr, X), E=70 MeV/nucleon; measured Be, C fragments correlated, uncorrelated yields vs difference velocity distribution; deduced thermally decaying source cooling evidence.

doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.4508
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1996DE44      Phys.Rev. C54, 1710 (1996)

J.F.Dempsey, R.J.Charity, L.G.Sobotka, G.J.Kunde, S.Gaff, C.K.Gelbke, T.Glasmacher, M.J.Huang, R.C.Lemmon, W.G.Lynch, L.Manduci, L.Martin, M.B.Tsang, D.K.Agnihotri, B.Djerroud, W.U.Schroder, W.Skulski, J.Toke, W.A.Friedman

Isospin Dependence of Intermediate Mass Fragment Production in Heavy-Ion Collisions at E/A = 55 MeV

NUCLEAR REACTIONS 124Xe, 136Xe(112Sn, X), (124Sn, X), E=55 MeV/nucleon; measured 6He to 3,4He, Li, t, 3He relative yield vs projectilelike fragment Z, intermediate mass fragment number vs projectilelike fragment Z, other aspects; deduced intermediate mass fragment production isospin dependence.

doi: 10.1103/PhysRevC.54.1710
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1996KU23      Phys.Rev.Lett. 77, 2897 (1996)

G.J.Kunde, S.J.Gaff, C.K.Gelbke, T.Glasmacher, M.J.Huang, R.Lemmon, W.G.Lynch, L.Manduci, L.Martin, M.B.Tsang, W.A.Friedman, J.Dempsey, R.J.Charity, L.G.Sobotka, D.K.Agnihotri, B.Djerroud, W.U.Schroder, W.Skulski, J.Toke, K.Wyrozebski

Multifragment Production in Reactions of 112Sn + 112Sn and 124Sn + 124Sn at E/A = 40 MeV

NUCLEAR REACTIONS 112,124Sn(124Sn, X), E=40 MeV/nucleon; measured charged particle, neutron, intermediate mass fragment multiplicities; deduced fragment emission mechanism.

doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.2897
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1996RE12      Phys.Rev. C54, 749 (1996)

E.Renshaw Foxford, K.Kwiatkowski, D.S.Bracken, K.B.Morley, V.E.Viola, N.R.Yoder, C.Volant, E.C.Pollacco, R.Legrain, R.G.Korteling, W.A.Friedman, J.Brzychczyk, H.Breuer

4π Studies of the 1.8-4.8 GeV 3He + (nat)Ag, 197Au Reactions. II. Multifragmentation

NUCLEAR REACTIONS Ag, 197Au(3He, X), E=1.8-4.8 GeV; measured intermediate mass fragment multiplicity, σ(fragment θ, E); deduced emission mechanism. 4π detector array.

doi: 10.1103/PhysRevC.54.749
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1996TS01      Phys.Rev. C53, R1057 (1996)

M.B.Tsang, F.Zhu, W.G.Lynch, A.Aranda, D.R.Bowman, R.T.de Souza, C.K.Gelbke, Y.D.Kim, L.Phair, S.Pratt, C.Williams, H.M.Xu, W.A.Friedman

Cross Comparisons of Nuclear Temperatures Determined from Excited State Populations and Isotope Yields

NUCLEAR REACTIONS 197Au(36Ar, X), E=35 MeV/nucleon; measured 7,8Li, 3,4He isotope yields, other aspects; deduced temperatures.

doi: 10.1103/PhysRevC.53.R1057
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1996XI03      Phys.Rev. C54, R2163 (1996)

H.Xi, W.G.Lynch, M.B.Tsang, W.A.Friedman

Secondary Decays and the Helium Lithium Isotope Thermometer

NUCLEAR REACTIONS 197Au(197Au, X), E=600 MeV/nucleon; analyzed isotope yield ratios vs emission temperatures; deduced He-Li isotope thermometer related features. Sequential decay calculations.

doi: 10.1103/PhysRevC.54.R2163
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1995BO21      Phys.Rev. C52, 818 (1995)

D.R.Bowman, N.Colonna, W.A.Friedman, L.Celano, M.D'Agostino, J.D.Dinius, A.Ferrero, C.K.Gelbke, T.Glasmacher, D.O.Handzy, D.Horn, W.C.Hsi, M.Huang, I.Iori, M.A.Lisa, W.G.Lynch, G.V.Margagliotti, P.M.Milazzo, C.P.Montoya, A.Moroni, G.F.Peaslee, L.Phair, F.Petruzzelli, R.Scardaoni, C.Schwarz, M.B.Tsang, C.Williams

Space-Time Characteristics of Fragment Emission in the E/A = 30 MeV 129Xe + (nat)Cu Reaction

NUCLEAR REACTIONS Cu(129Xe, X), E=30 MeV/nucleon; measured intermediate mass fragment multiplicities, reduced velocity correlation functions, emission velocities; deduced fragment emission space-time characteristics. Three-body trajectory calculations, dynamical BNV code based statistical models analyses.

doi: 10.1103/PhysRevC.52.818
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1995CO21      Phys.Rev.Lett. 75, 1475 (1995)

E.Cornell, T.M.Hamilton, D.Fox, Y.Lou, R.T.de Souza, M.J.Huang, W.C.Hsi, C.Schwarz, C.Williams, D.R.Bowman, J.Dinius, C.K.Gelbke, T.Glasmacher, D.O.Handzy, M.A.Lisa, W.G.Lynch, G.F.Peaslee, L.Phair, M.B.Tsang, G.Van Buren, R.J.Charity, L.G.Sobotka, W.A.Friedman

Assessing the Evolutionary Nature of Multifragment Decay

NUCLEAR REACTIONS 197Au(84Kr, X), E=35-70 MeV/nucleon; analyzed (fragment)(fragment) velocity correlation, velocity relationship; deduced source characteristics evolution as fragments are emitted. Statistical model.

doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.75.1475
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1995KW01      Phys.Rev.Lett. 74, 3756 (1995)

K.Kwiatkowski, K.B.Morley, E.Renshaw Foxford, D.S.Bracken, V.E.Viola, N.R.Yoder, R.Legrain, E.C.Pollacco, C.Volant, W.A.Friedman, R.G.Korteling, J.Brzychczyk, H.Breuer

Multifragmentation in the 4.8-GeV 3He + (nat)Ag, 197Au Reactions

NUCLEAR REACTIONS Ag, 197Au(3He, X), E=4.8 GeV; measured intermediate mass fragment multiplicity distributions; deduced emitting source kinetic equilibrium features. Rapidity, moving source analyses.

doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.74.3756
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1994KW01      Phys.Rev. C49, 1516 (1994)

K.Kwiatkowski, W.A.Friedman, L.W.Woo, V.E.Viola, E.C.Pollacco, C.Volant, S.J.Yennello

Energy Dissipation and Multifragment Decay in the 3He + (nat)Ag System

NUCLEAR REACTIONS Ag(3He, X), E ≈ 0.2-3.6 GeV; calculated fragment multiplicity, charge distributions, σ(E(12C), θ(12C)); deduced Δ role in energy dissipation. Intranuclear cascade followed by an expanding emitting source.

doi: 10.1103/PhysRevC.49.1516
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1994PE06      Phys.Rev. C49, R2271 (1994)

G.F.Peaslee, M.B.Tsang, C.Schwarz, M.J.Huang, W.S.Huang, W.C.Hsi, C.Williams, W.Bauer, D.R.Bowman, M.Chartier, J.Dinius, C.K.Gelbke, T.Glasmacher, D.O.Handzy, M.A.Lisa, W.G.Lynch, C.M.Mader, L.Phair, M.-C.Lemaire, S.R.Souza, G.Van Buren, R.J.Charity, L.G.Sobotka, G.J.Kunde, U.Lynen, J.Pochodzalla, H.Sann, W.Trautmann, D.Fox, R.T.de Souza, G.Peilert, W.A.Friedman, N.Carlin

Energy Dependence of Multifragmentation in 84Kr + 197Au Collisions

NUCLEAR REACTIONS 197Au(84Kr, X), E=35, 55, 70, 100, 200, 400 MeV/nucleon; measured intermediate mass fragment, total charged particle multiplicities; deduced multi-fragmentation energy dependence. QMD model.

doi: 10.1103/PhysRevC.49.R2271
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1993DE06      Phys.Lett. 300B, 29 (1993)

R.T.de Souza, D.Fox, W.A.Friedman, L.Phair, D.R.Bowman, C.K.Gelbke, W.G.Gong, Y.D.Kim, M.A.Lisa, W.G.Lynch, G.F.Peaslee, M.B.Tsang, F.Zhu

Expansion Effects in Intermediate Energy Heavy-Ion Reactions

NUCLEAR REACTIONS 197Au(36Ar, X), E=50-110 MeV/nucleon; measured charged particle multiplicity; deduced source expansion role during emission.

doi: 10.1016/0370-2693(93)90743-2
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1993TS02      Phys.Rev.Lett. 71, 1502 (1993)

M.B.Tsang, W.C.Hsi, W.G.Lynch, D.R.Bowman, C.K.Gelbke, M.A.Lisa, G.F.Peaslee, G.J.Kunde, M.L.Begemann-Blaich, T.Hofmann, J.Hubele, J.Kempter, P.Kreutz, W.D.Kunze, V.Lindenstruth, U.Lynen, M.Mang, W.F.J.Muller, M.Neumann, B.Ocker, C.A.Ogilvie, J.Pochodzalla, F.Rosenberger, H.Sann, A.Schuttauf, V.Serfling, J.Stroth, W.Trautmann, A.Tucholski, A.Worner, E.Zude, B.Zwieglinski, S.Aiello, G.Imme, V.Pappalardo, G.Raciti, R.J.Charity, L.G.Sobotka, I.Iori, A.Moroni, R.Scardoni, A.Ferrero, W.Seidel, Th.Blaich, L.Stuttge, A.Cosmo, W.A.Friedman, G.Peilert

Onset of Nuclear Vaporization in 197Au + 197Au Collisions

NUCLEAR REACTIONS 197Au(197Au, X), E ≤ 400 MeV/nucleon; measured average intermediate fragment, charged particle multiplicities correlation; deduced vaporization onset features.

doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.71.1502
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1992BO29      Phys.Rev. C46, 1834 (1992)

D.R.Bowman, C.M.Mader, G.F.Peaslee, W.Bauer, N.Carlin, R.T.de Souza, C.K.Gelbke, W.G.Gong, Y.D.Kim, M.A.Lisa, W.G.Lynch, L.Phair, M.B.Tsang, C.Williams, N.Colonna, K.Hanold, M.A.McMahan, G.J.Wozniak, L.G.Moretto, W.A.Friedman

Intermediate Mass Fragment Emission as a Probe of Nuclear Dynamics

NUCLEAR REACTIONS 12C, 27Al, 51V, Cu, 89Y, 197Au(129Xe, X), E=50 MeV/nucleon; measured fragment muliplicity, charge distribution; deduced correlation with charged particle multiplicity, target independence. Hybrid model, dynamical emission aspects.

doi: 10.1103/PhysRevC.46.1834
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1992HU06      Phys.Rev. C46, R1577 (1992)

J.Hubele, P.Kreutz, V.Lindenstruth, J.C.Adloff, M.Begemann-Blaich, P.Bouissou, G.Imme, I.Iori, G.J.Kunde, S.Leray, Z.Liu, U.Lynen, R.J.Meijer, U.Milkau, A.Moroni, W.F.J.Muller, C.Ngo, C.A.Ogilvie, J.Pochodzalla, G.Raciti, G.Rudolf, H.Sann, A.Schuttauf, W.Seidel, L.Stuttge, W.Trautmann, A.Tucholski, R.Heck, A.R.DeAngelis, D.H.E.Gross, H.R.Jaqaman, H.W.Barz, H.Schulz, W.A.Friedman, R.J.Charity

Statistical Fragmentation of Au Projectiles at E/A = 600 MeV

NUCLEAR REACTIONS C, 27Al, Cu, Pb(197Au, X), E=600 MeV/nucleon; measured intermediate mass fragments mean multiplicity.

doi: 10.1103/PhysRevC.46.R1577
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1991BO30      Phys.Rev.Lett. 67, 1527 (1991)

D.R.Bowman, G.F.Peaslee, R.T.de Souza, N.Carlin, C.K.Gelbke, W.G.Gong, Y.D.Kim, M.A.Lisa, W.G.Lynch, L.Phair, M.B.Tsang, C.Williams, N.Colonna, K.Hanold, M.A.McMahan, G.J.Wozniak, L.G.Moretto, W.A.Friedman

Multifragment Disintegration of the 129Xe + 197Au System at E/A = 50 MeV

NUCLEAR REACTIONS 197Au(129Xe, X), E=50 MeV/nucleon; measured charged particle multiplicities. Dynamical, statistical models.

doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.67.1527
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1991DE33      Phys.Lett. 268B, 6 (1991)

R.T.de Souza, L.Phair, D.R.Bowman, N.Carlin, C.K.Gelbke, W.G.Gong, Y.D.Kim, M.A.Lisa, W.G.Lynch, G.F.Peaslee, M.B.Tsang, H.M.Xu, F.Zhu, W.A.Friedman

Multifragment Emission in the Reaction 36Ar + 197Au at E/A = 35, 50, 80, and 110 MeV

NUCLEAR REACTIONS 197Au(36Ar, X), E=35-110 MeV/nucleon; measured fragment multiplicity distributions, first, second moments. Statistical decay model.

doi: 10.1016/0370-2693(91)90913-B
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1990FR08      Phys.Rev. C42, 667 (1990)

W.A.Friedman

Rapid Massive Cluster Formation

NUCLEAR STRUCTURE 197Au; calculated emitted fragment mean mass vs emission stage; deduced multifragmentation excitation energy dependence. Expanding-evaporating source model.

doi: 10.1103/PhysRevC.42.667
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1989FR09      Phys.Rev. C40, 2055 (1989)

W.A.Friedman

Two Statistical Approaches to Nuclear Disassembly

NUCLEAR STRUCTURE 197Au; calculated freeze-out radii vs fragment isotope mass. Nuclear disassembly, high temperature.

doi: 10.1103/PhysRevC.40.2055
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1987PO03      Phys.Rev. C35, 1695 (1987)

J.Pochodzalla, C.K.Gelbke, W.G.Lynch, M.Maier, D.Ardouin, H.Delagrange, H.Doubre, C.Gregoire, A.Kyanowski, W.Mittig, A.Peghaire, J.Peter, F.Saint-Laurent, B.Zwieglinski, G.Bizard, F.Lefebvres, B.Tamain, J.Quebert, Y.P.Viyogi, W.A.Friedman, D.H.Boal

Two-Particle Correlations at Small Relative Momenta for 40Ar-Induced Reactions on 197Au at E/A = 60 MeV

NUCLEAR REACTIONS 197Au(40Ar, X), E=60 MeV/nucleon; measured σ(fragment E, θ) for X=p, d, t, α, pp-, pt-, p3He-, dt-, pα-, tα-, dα-, 3Heα-, αα-, p7Li-, α7Li-, pd-, dd-, tt-, t3He-correlation functions, coincidence yields, spectra; deduced source radii. ΔE-E telscopes, NaI scintillator. Statistical model.

doi: 10.1103/PhysRevC.35.1695
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1986AB06      Phys.Rev. C34, 113 (1986)

A.Y.Abul-Magd, W.A.Friedman, J.Hufner

Calculation of Mass Yields for Proton-Nucleus Spallation Reactions

NUCLEAR REACTIONS 164Dy(40Ar, xn), 185Re(20Ne, xn), 197Au(14N, xn), 130Te(12C, xn), E not given; calculated mean neutron number following fusion, fragment mass yields. Cu, Ag, Au(p, X), E=3 GeV; calculated spallation product yield vs mass. Two-step spallation process.

doi: 10.1103/PhysRevC.34.113
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1986PO11      Phys.Lett. 175B, 275 (1986)

J.Pochodzalla, C.K.Gelbke, C.B.Chitwood, D.J.Fields, W.G.Lynch, M.B.Tsang, W.A.Friedman

External Coulomb Distortion of Proton-Deuteron Final-State Interactions for 14N Induced Reactions on 197Au at E/A = 35 MeV

NUCLEAR REACTIONS 197Au(14N, pdX), E=35/nucleon; measured inclusive pd-coin; deduced reaction mechanism.

doi: 10.1016/0370-2693(86)90855-5
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1985BE02      Phys.Rev.Lett. 54, 402 (1985)

M.A.Bernstein, W.A.Friedman, W.G.Lynch, C.B.Chitwood, D.J.Fields, C.K.Gelbke, M.B.Tsang, T.C.Awes, R.L.Ferguson, F.E.Obenshain, F.Plasil, R.L.Robinson, G.R.Young

Statistical Emisssion of 2He from Highly Excited Nuclear Systems

NUCLEAR REACTIONS 12C, 27Al(16O, 2pX), E=400 MeV; measured σ(θp1, θp2). 28Si, 43Sc deduced particle unstable nuclei decay channel importance.

doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.54.402
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1985BE09      Phys.Rev. C31, 843 (1985)

M.A.Bernstein, W.A.Friedman

Decay of Thermally Emitted n-p States: A means to measure their lifetime

NUCLEAR REACTIONS 27Al, 56Fe(14N, np), E=17 MeV/nucleon; measured σ(En), σ(Ep), σ(En, θn, Ep, θp); deduced singlet deuteron T1/2 in compound system Coulomb field.

doi: 10.1103/PhysRevC.31.843
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1985PO09      Phys.Rev.Lett. 55, 177 (1985)

J.Pochodzalla, W.A.Friedman, C.K.Gelbke, W.G.Lynch, M.Maier, D.Ardouin, H.Delagrange, H.Doubre, C.Gregoire, A.Kyanowski, W.Mittig, A.Peghaire, J.Peter, F.Saint-Laurent, Y.P.Viyogi, B.Zwieglinski, G.Bizard, F.Lefebvres, B.Tamain, J.Quebert

Nuclear Temperatures and the Population of Particle-Unstable States of 6Li in 40Ar-Induced Reactions on 197Au at E/A = 60 MeV

NUCLEAR REACTIONS 197Au(40Ar, dα), (40Ar, 6Li), E=60 MeV/nucleon; measured dα(θ), σ(E(6Li), θ(6Li)). 6Li deduced particle unstable state relative populations.

doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.55.177
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1985PO18      Phys.Lett. 161B, 256 (1985)

J.Pochodzalla, W.A.Friedman, C.K.Gelbke, W.G.Lynch, M.Maier, D.Ardouin, H.Delagrange, H.Doubre, C.Gregoire, A.Kyanowski, W.Mittig, A.Peghaire, J.Peter, F.Saint-Laurent, Y.P.Viyogi, B.Zwieglinski, G.Bizard, F.Lefebvres, B.Tamain, J.Quebert

Three-Particle Effects Observed in Two-Particle Correlation Measurements

NUCLEAR REACTIONS 197Au(40Ar, pα), E=60 MeV/nucleon; measured pα-coin; deduced three-particle effects. 5Li deduced production, decay mechanisms.

doi: 10.1016/0370-2693(85)90756-7
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1985PO19      Phys.Lett. 161B, 275 (1985)

J.Pochodzalla, W.A.Friedman, C.K.Gelbke, W.G.Lynch, M.Maier, D.Ardouin, H.Delagrange, H.Doubre, C.Gregoire, A.Kyanowski, W.Mittig, A.Peghaire, J.Peter, F.Saint-Laurent, Y.P.Viyogi, B.Zwieglinski, G.Bizard, F.Lefebvres, B.Tamain, J.Quebert

Emission Temperatures in Intermediate Energy Nuclear Collisions from the Relative Populations of Widely Separated States in 5Li and 8Be

NUCLEAR REACTIONS 197Au(40Ar, pα), (40Ar, d3He), (40Ar, 2α), (40Ar, p7Li), E=60 MeV/nucleon; measured (particle)(particle)-coin; deduced emission temperatures.

doi: 10.1016/0370-2693(85)90760-9
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1984FR01      Phys.Rev. C29, 139 (1984)

W.A.Friedman

Protons from Heavy-Ion Collisions

NUCLEAR REACTIONS 197Au, 90Zr, 27Al(16O, pX), E=310 MeV; calculated σ(θ, Ep); deduced direct, evaporation process competition.

doi: 10.1103/PhysRevC.29.139
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1983CH55      Phys.Lett. 131B, 289 (1983)

C.B.Chitwood, D.J.Fields, C.K.Gelbke, W.G.Lynch, A.D.Panagiotou, M.B.Tsang, H.Utsunomiya, W.A.Friedman

Emission of Complex Nuclei in 12C Induced Reactions at E/A = 15 and 30 MeV

NUCLEAR REACTIONS 197Au, Ag(12C, X), E=15, 30 MeV/nucleon; measured σ(fragment θ), < σ(fragment θ) > vs Z; deduced fragment yield power law dependence.

doi: 10.1016/0370-2693(83)90500-2
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1982SC23      Phys.Rev. C26, 1339 (1982)

O.Scholten, H.Kruse, W.A.Friedman

Low Energy Particles Produced in Heavy Ion Reactions

NUCLEAR REACTIONS U(Ne, n), (Ne, p), E=400 MeV/nucleon; calculated σ(θ, En), σ(θ, Ep). Participant, spectator system division.

doi: 10.1103/PhysRevC.26.1339
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1981FR01      Phys.Lett. B98, 21 (1981)

W.A.Friedman

Equilibrium and Angular Momentum Transfer in Deeply Inelastic Heavy Ion Reactions

NUCLEAR REACTIONS 166Er(86Kr, X), E=5-99 MeV/nucleon; calculated average γ-multiplicity, its standard deviation vs total kinetic energy loss; 238U(86Kr, X), E=8.5 MeV/nucleon; calculated transfer angular momentum vs total kinetic energy loss. Fermi gas model, microscopic heavy ion degrees of freedom.

doi: 10.1016/0370-2693(81)90358-0
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1981FR09      Phys.Rev. C23, 2532 (1981)

W.A.Friedman, D.Saloner

Delayed Fragmentation and Preequilibrium Particles

NUCLEAR REACTIONS 48Ti(16O, α), E=310 MeV; analyzed σ(Eα); deduced delayed fragmentation mechanism.

doi: 10.1103/PhysRevC.23.2532
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1981FR12      Phys.Rev. C24, 125 (1981)

W.A.Friedman

Back Angle Heavy Ion Scattering: A modified statistical approach

NUCLEAR REACTIONS 28Si(16O, 16O), (12C, 12C), E(cm)=30 MeV; calculated σ(θ). Barrier top resonance effects, modified statistical approach.

doi: 10.1103/PhysRevC.24.125
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1979FR11      Phys.Lett. 87B, 179 (1979)

W.A.Friedman, K.W.McVoy, M.C.Nemes

A Resonant Interpretation of Gross Structure in 12C + 12C and 16O + 16O Inelastic Scattering

NUCLEAR REACTIONS 12C(12C, 12C'), E(cm)=10-30 MeV; 16O(16O, 16O'), E(cm)=24-30 MeV; calculated σ(E). Barrier-top-resonance model.

doi: 10.1016/0370-2693(79)90959-6
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1977FR09      Phys.Lett. 67B, 285 (1977)

W.A.Friedman, A.T.Hess

Comments on Lorentz-Lorenz Effects in Low Energy Pion Scattering

NUCLEAR REACTIONS 12C(π+, π+), E=50 MeV; calculated σ(θ).

doi: 10.1016/0370-2693(77)90372-0
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1977SE13      Phys.Rev. C16, 2306 (1977)

J.E.Sedlak, W.A.Friedman

A-Dependent Shift of the Peak in the π-Nucleus Total Cross Section

NUCLEAR REACTIONS 27Al, 120Sn(π, X), E=100-200 MeV; calculated total σ(E).

doi: 10.1103/PhysRevC.16.2306
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1975WA26      Phys.Rev. C12, 1684 (1975)

D.Wang, W.A.Friedman

Isospin Mixing in Deformed Nuclei

NUCLEAR STRUCTURE 19F; calculated isospin mixing.

doi: 10.1103/PhysRevC.12.1684
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1974FR08      Phys.Rev.Lett. 33, 308 (1974)

W.A.Friedman, K.W.McVoy, G.W.T.Shuy

Diffraction, Refraction, and Interference Phenomena in Heavy-Ion Transfer Reactions

NUCLEAR REACTIONS 48Ca(16O, 14C), E=40, 56, 85 MeV; calculated σ(θ); deduced reaction mechanism.

doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.33.308
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1973FR04      Phys.Rev.Lett. 30, 394 (1973)

W.A.Friedman

Intermediate Structure in Isospin-Forbidden Reactions

NUCLEAR REACTIONS 16O(d, α), E < 5 MeV; analyzed σ(E). 18F deduced resonances, level-width.

doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.30.394
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1973ME18      Phys.Lett. 45B, 441 (1973)

H.O.Meyer, W.A.Friedman

Compound-Nucleus Contributions to the T(20) Analyzing Power in (d, p) Reactions

NUCLEAR REACTIONS 16O, 28Si, 40Ca(d, p), E=12.3 MeV; 52Cr(d, p), E=10.0 MeV; calculated T20(θ).

doi: 10.1016/0370-2693(73)90638-2
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